What is the primary treatment for hypothyroidism?

The primary treatment for hypothyroidism is synthetic levothyroxine, which is a man-made form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4). This medication is designed to replace the deficient hormone levels in individuals with an underactive thyroid, thereby restoring normal metabolic function within the body. Levothyroxine is considered the standard treatment because it effectively normalizes thyroid hormone levels, improves symptoms related to hypothyroidism, and has a well-established safety and efficacy profile.

Natural thyroid extracts, though available, are less commonly used due to variability in hormone content and the potential for allergic reactions. Radioactive iodine therapy primarily targets hyperthyroidism and certain types of thyroid cancer, and thus is not applicable for treating hypothyroidism. Insulin injections are utilized for the management of diabetes mellitus, not thyroid disorders. Therefore, synthetic levothyroxine is the most effective and reliable option for treating hypothyroidism, making it the primary treatment choice.